Popular wisdom must be recovered and houses bioclimatic conditions treasure that architecture and centenary experience that we must rescue both for the benefit of reducing the environmental impacts, energy saving and rescuing the general culture.
It has compiled a diversity of ecological strategies whose experimentation has been developed over decades and centuries. therefore not such an exceptional legacy should be missed.
Recover this experience in our constructions current sustainable ones is almost an obligation, reinventing them with techniques, with ecological materials, combined with new technologies for
But first, let's remember what a home is bioclimatic … «It is, in short, a house that is adapted to the environment and its surroundings, sensitive to impact that it produces in nature, that tries to minimize the consumption energy and with it, reduce environmental pollution.»
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This is where a technical manual comes into play. high-quality bioclimatic construction that is called "Practical Solutions Manual bioclimatic construction for architecture contemporary» and that we want to present in the article, whose focus is focused on incorporating the aspect bioconstruction to the home.
Proposals are developed that take into account the use made of natural materials and organic made through processes of simple transformation or low environmental impact, and that through a series of «technical sheets» (In total 38) we will be able to inquire about all the solutions sustainable construction, from the foundation to the architecture cover bioclimatic , as well as a description initial by chapter of the elements, functions, characteristics and construction materials to be treated.
For each technical file we find different sections that are:
The manual describes the following chapters (Each chapter has its explanatory sheet) that we are going to enumerate and see some technical example of the same document before the bioclimatic system used in the constructive resolution:
In this section we will see different solutions constructive in geothermal energy . The subsoil has the peculiarity of presenting a temperature practically incessant throughout the year, being this more or less minus fourteen degrees from 3 meters deep.
This is where we can take advantage of the geothermal air conditioning (See article also how aerothermal energy works and its advantages) that thanks to the physical properties of the soil, temperatures constants, can and should be taken advantage of by spaces built underground or semi-buried, achieving that in summer soda, and, in winter, use the heating geothermal for bioconstructions improving the thermal comfort .
Of interest the extensive article on deep foundations and superficial, types and their pathologies, there are 9 manuals - guides very interesting and practical.
The mass of the built elements and buildings configures an essential role in the thermal comfort of the users who inhabit buildings, especially when there are great alterations and thermal contrasts during the day. The high thickness of the walls with great thermal inertia, the wall of inertia , has a high heat storage capacity deferring its transmission in time. The process of storage and remission of heat can reach last several days depending on the weather, so we must take advantage of this isolation perfect.
The traditional bioclimatic house It has gabled roofs in which the main plane presents south orientation and the minor presents orientation north (Europe). This circumstance responds to an approach natural, while orienting the larger plane to the south Allows you to maximize solar gains by minimizing time the surface oriented to north and therefore the consequent losses depending on the weather.
See article on how to fix roofs and rehabilitate coherently covered, that in addition you will have several manuals of interest.
On the cooling roof , the roof tile clay and slate have been the materials bioclimatic construction systems most used in traditional toppings, featuring; structure light, low weight, high durability, good behavior against thermal amplitudes with important variations between cold or heat, impermeability and high mechanical resistance.
A greenhouse or gallery attached to a building is a volume partially closed, partially or completely glazed, and that shares one or multiple vertical walls of the building.
The back-to-back greenhouse is a solution eco based on the solar capture through of the greenhouse effect . This physical phenomenon consists of the heating of the glasses by the sun, which emits radiation in each and every one of the lengths of vibe. Most are in the range of perceptible light that go inside the glass conservatory.
In front of the attached greenhouse, in this manual considered a glazed gallery that glazed space in the building whose coverage is exactly the same as this one, the envelope.
They are known by the name of Trombe Wall that bioclimatic technique that incorporates a opaque vertical enclosure in the project, with thickness and variable transmittance, on its inner face and an enclosure glazed, simple or multiple, on its outer face. The space between the opaque enclosure and the glass is partly small (<0.8 m).
Its primary function in buildings is to act of transition space between the exterior and interior of the bioclimatic constructions ; facilitate integration same with the environment, softening the differences climatic conditions between the two.
For the dimensioning of the eaves and arcades, it is knowledge of the annual path of the sun is essential (See more in eaves design – sunlight); through his study configure the eaves or porch so that its behavior in front of the solar radiation in the different stations as effective and efficient as possible.
One of the characteristics that is evolving the most in the ecological housing is the green or vegetal roof, if Well, it is not so usual in architecture popular in the area as other techniques for bioclimatic homes , thanks to advances in technology produced in recent times, is a system with enormous potential. (More information also on covers landscaped)
The vegetable wall or wall is any element of this genre close to an exterior enclosure of the building that stands totally or partially between solar irradiation and the enclosure itself bioclimatic building , avoiding a essential part of the radiation that falls on it and reducing heat input.
The cooling system evaporative uses a part of the energy sensitive air and walls to evaporate the water, energy that is maintained in the environment in the heat of vaporization necessary for this process and that is recovered when the phenomenon is reversed.
What we have just enumerated, is only a small part of the relevant information from the manual that has been edited by Junta de Castilla y León Ministry of Economy and Treasury – Regional Energy Entity of Castilla y León (EREN) in collaboration with the architecture studio Manuel Fonseca Gallego (HERE) and the Institute of Construction of Castilla y León (ICCL) published in the scope of the Project European BIOURB (Transboundary Bioconstructive Diversity, Bioclimatic Building and its adaptation to Architecture and Modern Urbanism – Co-financed by the Program of Cross-border Cooperation Spain Portugal 2007-2013 / or POCTEP 2007-2013) that we recommend your visit strongly because they also have other manuals interest.
Access to the referenced bioclimatic construction manual from this PDF. It is highly recommended to also access the article on House plans where the plans of 28 houses are provided ecological projects of large architectural firms.
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