The world of construction is very broad, and knowing what to do at all times, it is difficult. A colleague was recounting his adventures in the search for machinery of construction for the execution of a large avenue dimensions.
We were perplexed by the complexity of the theme and of the different options, characteristics, classifications or types of machines that are used in the works, a theme in which they can not only be used excavators. There is a world behind, that many of the technicians we should remember as professionals in the field of the architecture.
As it never hurts to review the machinery subject work, we wanted to simplify the information so that we at least have a perspective of what we we are going to find and of the possible existing options in the market as well as its characteristics or the types of construction machinery .
Content menu:
To determine a consistent classification, although there are many variants (by application regulations, by the DGT... etc), we are going to proceed to a division according to the weight-volume ratio, that is, according to its capacity, and we can organize them in the following way to to be able to have an overview:
Here come those with large proportions geometric equating them with reference to the vehicles traditional streetwear, it has considerable volume and weight.
They need a trained operator who needs a special license for heavy machinery, given the complexity of the controls and their functionality.
Mainly its use is intended for large movements land (either open sky or in tunnels), movement of elements of great weight, civil engineering or in mining works. Some examples would be; the famous tunnel boring machines, large cranes or the Tipper – Dump Truck… etc
In the classification of heavy machinery for construction, from the perspective of the works and their activities, a great variety of equipment is used and they affect in a wide range of public works (civil engineering mainly) or private.
Earth movements, roads, clearings, dams, dredging, tunneling and trenching, excavation or deep foundations. So the teams construction used are various as well as their dimensions, but the main ones - if we talk about equipment of large dimensions – we can divide them:
We would classify them as medium proportions and dimensions. The perfect example is the typical dump truck, small excavators, cranes small, smaller backhoes... etc (You can seem to be similar to the previous ones, but you have to think in terms of dimensions). An example of a team light heavyweight:
In this section we would include construction equipment specialized or machinery for the construction of small dimensions; a water pump, compressors, vibrators, steel cutters, pavement breakers…. etc
We can also distinguish them based on energy consumed for its proper functioning, we would have two different typologies:
The reference point would be the stake truck or truck with a body that we find in every construction site for the transportation of material.
They refer to those intended for public use, although they are not fall within the sector of architecture, it is necessary to differentiate them and we could say as an example a micro bus.
The typical street car or van would enter here that all self-respecting work has.
Note: For Spain, the DGT (General Directorate of Traffic) provides an extensive classification on the types of vehicles that we believe to understand that it is not in accordance with the purpose of the article.
The type of engine of the machine is taken as a reference, defining the concept of motor as: A system that converts a certain class of energy (hydraulic, electrical, chemical... etc) into energy mechanics that generate movement.
This is where translation from one place to another comes into play. That we could classify you as:
According to what they are intended for, we should clarify them according to:
This classification is more based on function and use than going to do It is a nomenclature and machine names of construction covered by companies in the sector. the list and examples could be:
|
|
The above names are assigned with images to the following different examples of machinery equipment for works:
Once I reviewed the names of machinery of common construction and always paying attention to the fact that the Technological advances provide us with new tools, and especially from the perspective of the field of robotics in the that engineering artifacts are appearing on the market really modern that in many cases are derived from replace the worker or operator in their duties.
See article in the same line of how a robot detects errors in the works. Very interesting to see how they are changing the devices and systems in the works.
For a more common use and “typical work” needs We want to delve a little deeper into the sector of the construction machinery and excavators on site.
Machine designed for earth moving and be able to dig Self-propelled on wheels or chains. Depending on the work you do, there are different applications:
Front push. Where used normally for digging high banks.
Pull back. Applies in excavations below ground level. (It's the backhoe)
Bivalve equipment. Although not very common, is referring to that spoon that is dropped open on the material to be excavated that literally "sink their teeth" and when raised the buckets are closed collecting the excavated material.
We can also see the different types of excavators according to:
Remember that the issue of foundations is complicated and to understand it better, we have an article on foundations and types of pathologies with 9 essential guides of great utility for the construction technician.
Currently there is a wide variety of utensils, tools and accessories for excavators that provide different functions thanks to technology current and tangible benefits in architecture that we practice An example from the JCB brand…
We can also find a little more information related to the examples and types of scaffolding in works that We also delve into the assembly process, its advantages and disadvantages or weaknesses, and the correct use of the same.
In the following video we can see the parts of a excavator well explained and some tips…
To be a little clear about the applicable legislation in Spain, although it is a bit complex since it also intervenes the European Regulation, we will be able to clarify more data on the classification of construction machinery.
We wanted to provide a scheme for the Spanish territory that may be of interest to get an idea of the regulations of application, although we mainly have to rely in the Royal Decree 1644/2008 and in the modification of this with the Royal Decree 494/2012 .
Although it seems like a topic that does not enter the article about
Although we should highlight the differences and characteristics individuals between civil, public or private construction. TO In general, the goal pursued by amortization can be explain in different ways:
From the following video we can enter in a way easy in this very important concept from the perspective of construction with an excellent video by Víctor Yepes in Polimedia (Polytechnic University of Valencia).
Although the theme is very broad and in reality we should explain many concepts and points; from the organization going through security has introduced us more into the typologies. We wanted to make a brief introduction to remind us of some ideas that surely many of our users have forgotten.
The world of machinery is complicated and more, when We speak in the works and construction sector. Many technical specifications and features depending on the model.
The following diagram simplifies what we should look at when buy machinery for construction and works with some tips:
In this situation one of the best information portals is from the Construction Labor Foundation that you can consult HERE that there is also very good documentation such as:
The documentation and technical specifications of the information above are very good recommended!
